A while back I spit out a post on how to configure an anonymous ftp server that allowed uploads and downloads, which you can find here.
Its a very exciting read and will tell you everything that you need to know to get you up and running with an anonymous ftp server. However those instructions are specifically for a server that allows anonymous uploads as well as downloads. So today we are going to go over only the steps for anonymous download, which is actually much easier.
Basic Install & Configuration
So first lets install vsftp.
# yum -y install vsftpd && service vsftpd start && chkconfig vsftpd on
Then edit /etc/vsftp/vsftpd.conf and make sure that the following line is uncommented.
anonymous_enable=YES
You should also be aware of the following configuration directive. By setting local enable to no in /etc/vsftp/vsftpd.conf, you disallow local Unix users access to ftp, which ensures that your ftp server is truly anonymous only.
local_enable=no
Now restart vsftpd and you should be in business
Testing Anonymous Download
To test ftp you need an ftp client, which can be installed via yum as seen below.
yum -y install ftp
Then you should be able to ftp to localhost like as seen below and get a file. Note that an anonymous login does not a password
# ftp localhost
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (localhost:root): anonymous
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,170,125).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Aug 30 15:37 pub
-rw-r–r– 1 0 0 0 Aug 30 15:39 test2
-rw-r–r– 1 0 0 0 Aug 30 15:38 testfile
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get test2
The same test executed as root ( a local user) should fail as seen below.
# ftp localhost
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (localhost:root): root
530 This FTP server is anonymous only.
Login failed.
ftp>
Unix File Permissions and SELinux
One of the things that can ruin your day when it comes to getting and ftp server up and running is SELinux. However when setting up an anonymous download ftp server using the default ftp root directory you don’t actually need to change anything.
By default your ftp root directory is going to be /var/ftp/, and its SELinux context and default perms are going to be as seen below.
drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 /var/ftp
Here the default context is public_content_t which by allows reads but not writes, and the default Unix perms allow reads and not writes.
Changing Default FTP Root Directory
If you wanted to change anonymous vsftp to use a different root directory (other than /var/ftp) you would need to add the following line to /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf. In the example below I am setting my new ftp root to /shared/ftp
anon_root=/shared/ftp
You are also going to need to asign the correct SELinux file context (public_content_t) to your new directory.
# semanage fcontext -a -t public_content_t “/shared/ftp(/.*)?”
# restorecon -vvFR /shared/ftp
Configuration Differences Between Anon Upload and Download
So as I stated above its actually a bit easier to configure an anonymous download only ftp server, than it is to configure it to allow uploads as well. This section for reference only, my post on configuring anonymous upload and download ftp server can be reference here.
First you will need to assign a different SELinux context. Its public_content_rw_t not public_content_t.
# semanage fcontext -a -t public_content_rw_t ‘/var/ftp(/.*)’
# restorecon -vvFR /var/ftp
You will also need to fiddle with SELinux booleans
# setsebool -P allow_ftpd_anon_write=1
And we are also going to want to change the Unix permissions on our ftp root directory. Here we are changing group ownership to ftp and setting the setgid bit.
# chgrp ftp /var/ftp/
# chmod 2760 /var/ftp
Good luck and try not to break anything.